| Brake Pads |
Check friction material consistency, backing-plate condition, bonding quality,
wear indicators, surface cracks, and abnormal contamination.
|
Match vehicle application, axle position, pad shape, dimensions, caliper type,
and the required brake-system specification.
|
Review applicable replacement-brake requirements, such as UNECE Regulation No. 90
or the relevant national vehicle regulations. FMVSS 135 may apply to the vehicle
braking system in the United States.
|
Material and performance test reports, batch traceability, dimensional inspection,
and installation instructions.
|
Critical |
Do not install if the part number, dimensions, friction material, or certification
evidence cannot be confirmed.
|
| Brake Rotors |
Inspect disc thickness, lateral runout, friction-surface finish, ventilation channels,
casting quality, corrosion, and mounting-hole accuracy.
|
Confirm rotor diameter, thickness, center bore, bolt pattern, offset, wheel clearance,
and compatibility with the specified brake caliper.
|
Verify compliance with the vehicle manufacturer’s service limits and applicable national
braking regulations.
|
Dimensional report, runout measurement, hardness or material report, and batch identification.
|
Critical |
Reject any rotor outside the vehicle service limit or showing cracks, severe corrosion,
distortion, or incorrect mounting dimensions.
|
| Engine Air Filters |
Check filter-media uniformity, pleat spacing, frame rigidity, sealing gasket quality,
adhesive coverage, and resistance to deformation.
|
Match the housing dimensions, sealing profile, airflow direction, and the vehicle’s
engine application or cross-reference number.
|
ISO 5011 can be used as a reference for testing air-cleaner performance and restriction.
The vehicle manufacturer’s maintenance specification remains essential.
|
Filtration-efficiency test, pressure-drop data, dimensional inspection, and clean-room
or contamination-control records where available.
|
High |
Do not use a filter with a loose seal, damaged media, incorrect dimensions, or excessive
airflow restriction.
|
| Oil Filters |
Verify filter-media construction, anti-drainback valve operation where required,
bypass-valve function, thread accuracy, gasket quality, and housing strength.
|
Confirm thread size, gasket diameter, filter height, bypass-valve specification,
and engine-specific application.
|
Use the engine service specification for filtration, pressure, capacity, and valve
requirements; there is no single universal oil-filter specification for every vehicle.
|
Pressure and flow test results, material information, dimensional report, and batch traceability.
|
High |
Reject filters with damaged threads, distorted gaskets, leaking seams, or unverified
pressure-valve specifications.
|
| Control Arms |
Inspect casting or forging quality, welds, ball-joint seating, bushing hardness,
corrosion protection, and dimensional accuracy.
|
Match mounting points, ball-joint type, bushing position, suspension geometry,
left-or-right orientation, and vehicle generation.
|
Follow the vehicle manufacturer’s suspension geometry and service requirements.
Safety-related suspension components should be assessed against applicable local regulations.
|
Material certificate, dimensional inspection, fatigue or durability test results,
corrosion-resistance information, and installation torque data.
|
Critical |
Do not install a component with cracks, deformed mounting points, loose joints,
incorrect bushings, or missing torque specifications.
|
| Shock Absorbers |
Check oil leakage, rod straightness, seal condition, piston-rod finish, mounting-eye
dimensions, and compression and rebound behavior.
|
Confirm vehicle application, axle position, extended and compressed lengths,
mounting style, and electronic-control requirements where applicable.
|
Validate performance against the vehicle manufacturer’s suspension specification
and applicable road-vehicle safety requirements.
|
Damping-force test curve, dimensional report, leakage test, endurance test,
and fitting instructions.
|
High |
Replace in axle pairs when required by the service procedure, and reject any unit
with leakage, bent rods, damaged mounts, or unexplained damping differences.
|
| Wheel Bearings |
Check bearing noise, rotation smoothness, seal integrity, preload, surface finish,
magnetic encoder condition, and contamination control.
|
Match bearing dimensions, load rating, hub design, sensor type, encoder orientation,
and vehicle anti-lock braking system requirements.
|
Verify compatibility with the vehicle’s wheel-speed sensing system and follow the
manufacturer’s bearing installation and preload procedure.
|
Load and endurance test results, dimensional report, seal inspection, sensor verification,
and traceability records.
|
Critical |
Do not install if the bearing is noisy, contaminated, incorrectly oriented, or unable
to provide the required wheel-speed signal.
|
| Headlamps and Signal Lamps |
Inspect lens clarity, beam alignment, housing sealing, connector quality, heat resistance,
light-source compatibility, and moisture protection.
|
Confirm mounting points, connector type, left-hand or right-hand traffic configuration,
bulb or LED specification, and vehicle communication requirements.
|
Applicable references may include FMVSS 108 in the United States and relevant UNECE
lighting regulations in other markets, depending on the lamp function and jurisdiction.
|
Photometric test report, beam-pattern verification, ingress-protection information,
electrical test results, and regulatory marking where required.
|
Critical |
Do not use a lamp with an incorrect beam pattern, inadequate sealing, incompatible
electrical control, or missing required regulatory approval.
|
| Seat Belt Assemblies |
Check webbing condition, stitching, buckle operation, retractor locking, anchorage
hardware, pretensioner compatibility, and warning-label information.
|
Match seating position, belt length, mounting geometry, buckle type, pretensioner system,
and vehicle restraint-control system.
|
Applicable references may include FMVSS 209 and FMVSS 210 in the United States or
UNECE Regulation No. 16 in markets using UNECE vehicle regulations.
|
Restraint-system test records, webbing and buckle inspection, anchorage data,
production-date traceability, and fitting instructions.
|
Critical |
Never install a belt with frayed webbing, a damaged buckle, a failed retractor,
deployed pretensioner, or uncertain restraint-system compatibility.
|
| Radiators |
Inspect core fin condition, tube-to-header joints, tank sealing, mounting brackets,
pressure resistance, and coolant compatibility.
|
Match core dimensions, inlet and outlet positions, transmission-cooler connections,
fan-shroud clearance, and vehicle cooling-system layout.
|
Follow the engine manufacturer’s cooling-system pressure, temperature, coolant,
and corrosion-protection requirements.
|
Pressure-leak test, thermal performance data, material information, dimensional report,
and coolant compatibility statement.
|
High |
Reject any radiator with leaks, blocked passages, distorted mounting points,
incompatible materials, or insufficient pressure-test evidence.
|
| Electrical Sensors |
Check connector locking, terminal quality, housing sealing, resistance or voltage range,
calibration stability, and protection against vibration and moisture.
|
Match sensor type, connector pinout, signal protocol, operating range, mounting position,
and vehicle control-unit requirements.
|
ISO 16750 may be relevant for environmental testing of electrical and electronic equipment
in road vehicles; the vehicle control system’s technical specification is also required.
|
Calibration report, electrical characteristic curve, environmental test results,
connector inspection, and error-code compatibility information.
|
High |
Do not install a sensor with an uncertain pinout, unstable output, damaged connector,
missing calibration data, or incompatible control-unit signal.
|
